Working submarine cables.



J. GOTT.

WORKING SUBMARINE CABLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17, 1913.

1,122,383. Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

JOHN com, or BRIGHTON, ENGLAND, As

srsnon. T0 commnncmn CABLE 'comrfanml or mew roam-n. v., A conronnrron or NEW York,

WORKING sunmzamn cABLns.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it. known that 1, JOHN Gorr, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Hove, Brighton, England,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Working Submarine Cables, of which the following is a specification.

In the drawing, Figure 1 lS 3. diagram-- matic view showing the invention applied.

to a duplex cable system; Fig. 2 a detail View of a simple relaying meansrand Fig; 3

a, detail diagrammatic view of the receiving apparatus. I

This inventionrelates to improvements in systems'of electric "signaling in'which the international Morse code is used in the trans? ceived at the distant end ofthe cable-each following current having the effecttralizing thepreceding one.

In carrying out this invention every unitof each letter is formed by a reversed'cur rent, so that in no case during transmission does an impulse of current 'of' one polarity follow one of the same polarity. At the receiving end of the cablethese reversed currents form units of letters and are .transformed in a simple manner, so that the s1g- .nals come out in Morse characters, as if received through a short land line and are,

therefore, easy to read and transcribe. This method of signaling is fully described in my Patent No. 1,056,533, dated March 18, 1913.

To obtain the reversals of polarity of the current to the line for each unit of a letter or signal with absolute uniformity and V certainty, I make use of a. condenser placed in circuit with the windings of a polarized relay and charged by the signaling-current.

- When the signaling key is released this con- I denser isdischarged to earth through the polarized relay, the armature of which is thus actuated.

The sending of the impulses through thecable is effected by the use of an ordinary Morse key precisely as in operating ordinary telegraph land lines.- Of course, automatic transmitters may be employed if desired;

' Specification of Letters Patent.

of'neu- Patented neeae, 191a.-

application filed my 17 '191 8. Seri a11\1'o. vsaaae.

and these automatic transmitters may be of anydesired construction, and may be operated by perforated tapes or otherwise, for the transmission of the well known Morse cede. It is also to be understood that the s gnals transmitted by this "apparatus may be translated from a land line to a cable, or from the cable to a land line by any suitable translating means maintaining the alternation of current impulses.

At therecei 'ng end of the line means are provided for transforming the. reversals of current into the common Morse. code. This is accomplished by means of a repeater whose contact when at rest occupies a neutral posit1on between two contactplates which are connected to a local battery in circuit with a local repeating'or recording device. In this form of' repeater or receiver the contact point completes the local circuit without regard to the polarity of the received current impulse sothat the local circuit through the .local receiving or repeating instrument is completed for each received current impulse without regard to'the polarity of said .re-. ceived current impulse. It follows, therefore, thatthe received impulses are trans' formed in the local circuit into ordinary Morse code signals. It also follows that these received impulses may be repeated into connected cables or land lines by the instruments in the local circuit if that be desired,

all of which is fully pointed out my pat entreferred to herei The invention will'now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In Fig. 1,a designates a cable; b the artificial cable used in duplex working; 0, c' condensers; d the transmitting key; 7 the' front contactof the key; 9 the local battery connected to the front contact of the key and to earth at g. In the local cireuit is arranged a transmitting sounder T S; The apex of the bridge between the cable and the artificial lineis connected by wire 6 to the contact arm t of. said sounder. The back contact 8' of the transmitting sounder is connected to earth atg" and the front contact 8" isconnected to the tongue or contact arm 70. of the polarized relay 71.. Upon depressing the key (2 and therebyclosin'g the local circuit the contact arm t of the transmitting sounder is brought against the front stop to thereby'connect the cable and artificial line thahe contact armof the polarized Jr charged toeartlrat gt; I p v A split battery ljZ' lS connected to, earth nag e andthereby relay. use

i l a circuit the contact v interrupting it arm of the tr against its back at] ,;andil'one si1de" of said battery is connectedto' the trout stop 5 of the polarized relay, the opposite side of the split battery 9 being connected to the hack" contact it thereof. lit isimanifestthat as the contact arm of, thepolarized relay moves from one stop to theot'her the polarity of the current to. the cables will be reversed, a negative 1.5 current. being placed on the line When the said condenser-controlling relay is connected to the tongue or contact Minot the polarized relay, sothat the said arni cornpletes the circuit from one or the other side of the split battery Z, Z to the condenser when the local circuit is closed through the hey d, lhis results in charging the condens r each time the key, 05 is depressed, and, of course, each time *a signal impulse is sent over the cable a. When the local circuit isinterrupted by raising the key '05 the con tact armpi the condenser-controlling relay 40 moves to the rear contact thereof, thereby connecting the condenser Q to the coil or" the polarized relay so that the condenser Willdischarge to earth through said coil. 7 Each discharge of the condenser throughthe relay coil is opposite in polarity to the preceding discharge, so that the contact arm of the polarized relay is swung from one stop to the other by each condenser dischare'e. This results in a chan e of polarity oi current to the line for each key operation, is to say, for each key closure. ll hen thelrey cl is depressed the battery 25 or Z is connected, to the line and to the condenser C. When the hey is opened the condenser Will discharge through the windings of the polarized relay and the tongue of the relay vvill then he thrown against the otherstop of the polarized relay thereby reversing the polarity of the current to the front stop 3" l the transmitting sounder T S and consequently to the line when the .key is again depressed or closed, It is manifest that the same cycleot operations follows each depression and raising of the sending lrey. The result of this is that g sounder is moved and the cabIes'dis for sending Morse code signals each signal 7 'unit impulse, whether it be a dot or a dash,

two contacts of the in connection with 1 the, tranfsm ratus of Fig. l.

' receivinazinstrurnent z or the ra' the current'impulse sent to the line at each key operation will be opposite in polaritly to the previously sent current impulse. t is, therefore, clear that in. operating the key 'tvill be opposite in polarity to the precedingslgnal unit impulse and, therefore, no two succeeding signal unit impulses will he oi the same polarity. Fig. 2 simply illustrates how the tongue T of a. relay connected to a land line ,or short cable takes the place of the contact arm 13 otlFig, l. It also illustrates how the rocking contact bar of a Wheatstone tran no mitter is connected in place of the lrey send automatically into the cable, the no transmitter only h usecl.

Fig. 3 represents the apparatus use the receiving or terminal end of the-ca. The two metal plates '0 and o are separa by an insulator 3 The contact tongue V is actuated by an attachrncr the signal coil of a recorder which coil is circuit with the cable, Arriving move this tongue from zero to c or o cording to the polarity ozl'the arriving c rent For the purpose of this inve cion two metal plates are connected together l the Wires 'W and are in circuit Wlill. local loattery, etc The instrument at he a Mlorse recording instrument, son or relay or other instrument. Wii clearly seen that rapid reversals will he dicated hy the sounder, for example, as cl or dashes, as it": made on one contact o; as in ordinary Morse Working.

desire it understood that consid means for transmitting impulses c H to the line the equivalent or tran ting key, and that Where l use t it is, of course, to he understood that clucle any equivalent device or apparas Tn relaying from one calole into anothe course, the relay armature heconies a Knitting key; likewise in any apparatus in-Which the impulses (M. c are sent automatically, the automatic rnitting means becomes the key .1115 The receiving apparatus of Fig 3 is st p is manife t ceived signal. impulses of cur; nating polarity are reproduced circuit controlled by the receiv (and'in which local circuit the coils arranged), as impulses of like polari cisely as the signals are produced in an nary telegraph system with a Morse tr What l claim is: l. A system of cable Working cornpri a cable, a sending hey, a polarized rel battery, a condenser, and means who.

upon the opening of the key the relay-will be operated by the discharge of the condenser to reverse the connections of the battery to the line. v

i 2. A system of cable working comprising a cable, a sending key, a polarized relay, a condenser, means whereby upon the opening of the key the relay will be operated by the discharge from the condenser to change the polarity of the current to the line,. and

means at the receivingor terminal endtof- .the line for receiving the signal impulses irrespective of their polarity.

3. A condenser, a line, a sending key, a polarized relay, a split battery, means whereby the condenser is charged when. the sending key is closed'and the battery connected to the line, means whereby the discharge from the condenser will pass through the windings of the polarized relay and reverse the posltionof the tongue of said relay when the sending key is opened, and means whereby the. reversal of position of the relay tongue will reverse the battery connections to the line.

4. A system of-cable working comprising a cable, a sending key, a polarized relay, a

condenser, andmeans whereby the cable a charging currentwill charge thewcendenser,

said means serving to reverse the position of the relay tongue when the key is opened and the condenser-discharged.

5. A system of cable working comprising a cable, a transmitting means for sending impulses of current into the cable, a con denser, means whereby the cable charging current will. charge 'the condenser during the transmission of each signal-impulse and means whereby when the transmitting means is opened and the cable charging curline current for the next succeeding impulse.

6. A system of cable working comprising a cable, a transmitting means for sending impulses of current into the cable, a locally arranged capacity, means whereby the cable charging current will charge the local capacity during the transmission of each signal impulse and means whereby when the transmitting means is opened and the cable charging current is interrupted the discharge from the local capacity will reverse the polarity of the line current for the next succeeding impulse.

7. A system of cable working comprising a cable, a transmitting means, a condenser and-means operated by the discharge of the condenser upon the'opening of the transmitting means to change the polarity of the current to the line..

8. A system of cable working comprising a cable, a transmitting means, a condenser, means operated by the discharge of the condenser upon the opening of the transmitting means to change the polarity of the currentto the line, and means at the receiving or terminal end of the line for receiving 

